Distilled Water - water filtration techniques

Distilled Water - Water is the source for life. Often we hear referred to as the blue planet Earth, as the waters cover 3 / 4 the earth's surface. But not infrequently we find it difficult to get clean water, especially during the dry season when water life begins to change color or smell. Ironic indeed, but that's reality. To be sure we must always be optimistic. Once any water wells or other water sources that we have started to become turbid, dirty or smelly, as long as the quantity is still a lot we can still attempt to modify / clarify the murky water / dirty water into a worthy life.

There are various simple ways that we can use to get clean water, and the easiest and most common use is to make a water filter, and for us perhaps the most appropriate is to make a water purifier or water filter is simple. It should be noted, that the clean water produced from water by simple filtration process can not completely eliminate the salt dissolved in water. Use a simple distillation to produce water which does not contain salt. My advice, before you buy a tool / machine water purifier that cost hundreds of thousands to millions, you try first some simple and easy alternative way to get clean water in a way to use a water filter / water filtration:

1. Cotton fabric filter.

Making a water filter using a cotton cloth filtering technique the most simple / easy. Turbid water is filtered by using a clean cotton cloth. This filter can clean the water from dirt and tiny organisms that exist in the murky water. Water filtered depending on the thickness and density of the fabric used.

2. Cotton filter

This water filter technique can give better results than previous techniques. As well as filtering with cotton cloth, cotton filtering can also be cleaned with water from dirt and tiny organisms that exist in the murky water. The results of the filter also depends on the thickness and density of the cotton used.

3. Aeration

Aeration is a process of purification in a way to fill oxygen into the water. With diisikannya oxygen into the water, substances such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide and methane which affect taste and odor of water can be reduced or eliminated. Besides mineral particles that are dissolved in water such as iron and manganese will oxidize quickly and will form a layer of sediment that can later be removed by sedimentation or filtration process.

4. Slow Sand Filter (SSF)

Slow Sand Filter is a water filter that is made by using a layer of sand on the top and gravel at the bottom. Clean water is obtained by filtering the raw water through the sand layer first and then pass through a layer of gravel. For more details can be found on the article Slow Sand Filter (SPL).

5. Fast Sand Filter (FSF)

Fast Sand Filters as well as slow sand filter, consisting of a layer of sand on the top and gravel at the bottom. But water filtration reverse direction when compared with Slow Sand Filter, ie, from bottom to top (up flow). Clean water is obtained by filtering the raw water through a layer of gravel first, then pass through a layer of sand. For more details can be found in the article Fast Sand Filter (FSF).

6. Gravity-Fed Filtering System

Gravity-Fed Filtering System is a combination of Fast Sand Filter (FSF) and the Slow Sand Filter (SSF). Clean water is produced through two stages. First of all water is filtered using a Fast Sand Filter (FSF). Filtered water and then the result is filtered again using the Slow Sand Filter. With twice the screening is expected that the resulting water quality could be better. To anticipate the results of filtering the water discharge out of the Rapid Sand Filter, can be used multiple / multi Slow Sand Filter.

7. Charcoal filter

Charcoal filter may be regarded as an additional sand filter charcoal with a single layer of charcoal. Layer of charcoal is very effective in removing odors and flavors that exist in the raw water. Charcoal is used can be either wood charcoal or coconut shell charcoal. For better results can be used activated charcoal. More detail can be seen form the recommended charcoal filter UNICEF in the image below.

8. Simple water filter / traditional

Simple water filter / traditional sand filter is a modification of the charcoal and slow sand filter. In addition to traditional filters using sand, gravel, stone and charcoal also added a layer of fruit injuk / fibers derived from coconut fiber. For further discussion can be seen in a simple water filter articles.

9. Ceramic filter

Ceramic filter can be stored in a long time, so be prepared and used for emergencies. Clean water is obtained by filtration through a ceramic filter element. Some filters kramik using a mixture of silver that serves as a disinfectant and kills bacteria. When the screening process, impurities present in raw water will be captured and over time will accumulate and clog the filter surface. So as to prevent the blockage that is too often the raw water entered not too cloudy or dirty. For treatment of ceramic saringn this can be done by scrubbing the ceramic filter at the water flowing.

10. Sieve Rock / Jempeng / Lumpang Stone

Jempeng rock filter or strainer is similar to ceramics. Water filtered by using the pores of rock. This filter is commonly used by villagers Kerobokan, Bali. Filters are used to filter water from dug wells or fields of irrigation canals.
Like the ceramic filter, filtered water velocity of jempeng relatively low when compared with the SSF moreover FSF.